Water demand is extensive in non conventional oil and gas extraction namely, SAGD, mining, and hydraulic fracturing.
Water and energy demand are interlinked. Increasing the efficiency of one effects the other.
Produced water treatment operations, required to protect the environment and recycle more water, increase the cost and the energy requirements to extract these resources.
Evaporator, WLS, and ZLD technologie sin SAGD.
Directive - 081 state that SAGD CPF technology need ts to recycle
3 % - fresh water
30% - brackish water
10% - produced water
Overcoming solution is reusing municipal wastewater by industry have started to become interesting for some facilities.
Water sourcing selection criteria include environmental impact, stakeholder relations, availability, timing, quality and economics.
A particular technical challenge that may limit the use of some water sources is that of "compatibility" with reservoir characteristics- scaling could become a major problem if ignored.
Water and energy demand are interlinked. Increasing the efficiency of one effects the other.
Produced water treatment operations, required to protect the environment and recycle more water, increase the cost and the energy requirements to extract these resources.
Evaporator, WLS, and ZLD technologie sin SAGD.
Directive - 081 state that SAGD CPF technology need ts to recycle
3 % - fresh water
30% - brackish water
10% - produced water
Overcoming solution is reusing municipal wastewater by industry have started to become interesting for some facilities.
Water sourcing selection criteria include environmental impact, stakeholder relations, availability, timing, quality and economics.
A particular technical challenge that may limit the use of some water sources is that of "compatibility" with reservoir characteristics- scaling could become a major problem if ignored.
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